Head And Neck Abscess

Abscess is a specific mattery inflammation of tissues with formation of cavity filled with white matter. Pathogen is pyogenic organisms, most frequently staphylococcus and streptococci.

Head and neck abscesses most often are developed behind throat and in salivary glands. There are abscesses behind and aside from throat, parapharyngeal abscess (located in lymphatic gland), abscesses in region of chin, etc, - localization may vary. Abscess in outgoing channel of one of parotid salivary glands occurs in elderly age or in some chronic diseases because if dryness in oral cavity resulted from insufficient consumption of liquids or during taking some medications, for example, antihistamine drugs.

The symptoms include pains in affected area, inflation, skin redness, frank fluctuation, throat inflames so that it becomes hard to talk and swallow. Also may be common symptoms such as body temperature increase, chill, intoxication. The process may continue further and may be followed by neck inflation. When abscess damages carotid artery located in neck, this may cause development of thrombosis or major bleeding.

Most frequently head and abscesses development is caused by trauma or spread of inflammation from damaged teeth, inflammatory gums, sore tonsils or infectious inflammatory damages of mucosa of oral cavity or skin. Infection spreads via lymphs and rarely via blood. Abscesses are formed because of nearby presence of focus of infection, for example, abscess of a tooth or sialoadenitis. Abscesses nearby throat are caused by inflammation of amygdala and adenoide and occurs most frequently in children.

In most cases neck abscesses require an operation with arrangement of conditions for white matter outflow. Also are prescribed antibiotics. Head and neck abscess are dangerous because they may cause spread of infection to front and back mediastinal, appearing of sepsis, affecting of vessels followed by bleeding, development of phlebemphraxis, abscess of brain.

Food Toxicoinfection

Food toxicoinfection is a pluricausal disease occurring when microbe agents and toxins enter with food in human body. The disease starts acutely, courses heavy, shows with symptoms of intoxication and affection of digestive organs. Causative agents are staphylococcal enterotoxins. salmonella, shigella, escherichia, streptococci, spore anaerobia, halophilic vibrions. Way of transmission is fecal-oral. Source of infection is diseased person or bacteria carrier,  including diseased animals. The disease may course as sporadic case or an outbreak. Incidence of disease is registered for a full year and increases in warm time.

Symptoms and course
Incubation period is short – just several hours. Patient suffers from chill, high body temperature, nausea, vomit, spasmodic abdomen pains. Then appears frequent liquid stool (sometimes with mucus), giddiness, headache, weakness, appetite lose. Skin and visible mucous membranes are dry.

Recognition
The diagnosis of contagious intoxication is made according to clinical picture, epidemiological anamnesis and laboratory tests. Most important are results of bacteriological test of excrements, examination of vomit mass and stomach washings.

Treatment
To remove contagious products and toxins, stomach lavage should be made which gives best effects at first hours of intoxication.  However, when nausea and vomiting occurred, this procedure may be performed at latest stages.

Stomach lavage is made with 2% solution of sodium bicarbonate or 0.1% of potassium permanganate till appearing of pure waters. In purposes of detoxification and rehydration are used salt solutions. The sufferer must drink plenty of water and keep to a diet. From menu are excluded foods that do irritate gastrointestinal tract. It is recommended to consume well-boiled, shabby and mild foods. To regenerate digestive insufficiency it is necessary to take enzymes and enzymic complexes (pepsin, pancreatine, etc) for 7 – 15 days.

Prevention
It is necessary to respect sanitary and hygienic rules at eating places and food manufacturing industries. Early detection of people with angina, pneumonia, pustular skin affections and other contagious diseases. Important role has veterinary control over diary farms and healthy cows (staphylococcic mastitis, pustular diseases).