Plague Signs And Treatment

There are two clinical forms of plague: bubonic plague and pneumonic plague. In bubonic plague do appears acute pain in area of damaged lymphatic glands (located in groin area) before their increase, in children pain appears in underarm and neck areas.

Regional lymphatic glands are damaged in spots of flea-bites. In those spots is rapidly developed haemorrhagic necrotic inflammation. Glands are joined between them (also with adjoining skin and hypoderm) into adhesions forming a large bag (bubo). The skin glosses, becomes red, appear sores on it and bobos get opened. In hemorrhagic exudate is found large amount of plague bacillus.

In pneumonic plague appears  hemorrhagic inflammation with necrosis of small pulmonary focuses.

Then appear acute pains in chest, heartbeats, labored breathing, tachycardia, delirium, fear of a deep breath. Cough appears at the beginning, with big amount of mucilaginous, transparent hyaline wet which then becomes foamy, liquid and rusty. Pain in chest increases, breath becomes weaker. Typical symptoms of common intoxication: quick aggravation of condition, development of infectious toxic shock syndrome. The prognosis is severe, patient dies in 3 – 5 days.

Recognition
Recognition is based on clinic and epidemiologic evidences. The final diagnosis is made on the basis of laboratory tests (bacterioscopic, bacteriologic, biological, serologic).

Treatment
All diseased people must be hospitalized. Major principles of therapy is complex usage of antibacterial, pathogenetic and symptomatic therapies. Are indicated infections of desintoxication liquids such as polyglucin, plasma, hemodez, glucose solution, salt solution.

Prevention
Fighting gnawing animals, especially rats. Supervising people who work with infected materials.

Plague

Plague is a quarantine natural focal disease characterized with high fever, severe intoxication , appearing of bobos (necrotic changes in lymphatic glands, lungs and other organs) and sepsis. Pathogen is a motionless barrel shaped bacillus of plague. It is most dangerous infection. In nature it is saved due to periodic appearing of epizootic disease in gnawing animals who are major carriers of plague microbes (marmots, gopher).

The transmission of pathogen from animal to animal occurs via flea. A human gets infected with plague via contacting with diseased animals (skinning, meat cutting), consuming infected products, flea-bites, airbone. Human vulnerability is very high. Person diseased with plague is dangerous for other humans, especially when he suffers from pneumonic form of plague.

Symptoms
Incubation period lasts 3 – 6 days. The disease starts acutely with sudden chill and quick temperature increase to 40C. Chill is changed to fever, severe headache, dizziness, weakness, insomnia, nausea, vomit, muscle pains. Patient suffers from intoxication, impairment of consciousness, in some cases appear psychomotor agitation, delirium, hallucinations, lurch, redding of face and conjunctiva.

Face features become keen and appear dark circles under eyes. Skin is dry and hot to the touch, may appear petechiasis, large haemorrhages. Quickly are developed symptoms of cardio-vascular system damage, cardiac border widening, hollowness of tones, growing tachycardia, blood pressure drop, arrythmia, breathlessness, cyanosis.

The tongue has specific look: it is thick with breakings, covered with thick white accretion. Mouth mucosa is dry. Tonsils often are increased, have sores, on velum palatinum are found hemorrhages.In severe cases occurs frequent liquid stool with admixture of blood mucus. In urine may be found admixture of blood and protide.